Charles hodge hudson



C. H. HUDSON. APPARATUS PoR DIPFUSING LIQUIDs.

810.71288. Patented Apr, 28, 1888.

tetes getint @ffice @uitrit com 'Patent No. 71,286. dated- Apiiz 2s, 1868.

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TO'ALL WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN:

Bo it known that I, Cnsnnns Hoven HUDSON, of tho'city of Roxbury, in thc county of Norfolk, and Stato of Massachusetts, have inventedan Improvement in Apparatus for Atomizing Liquids, whichI callan fExsumator and I do hereby declare the following to be n full andcorroct description of'the sam-e, reference being had to. 'the accompanying; drawing, which represents-.a vertical section of thoair and waterveslscls, the connectingtubes being shown in view. n

The us'e of'atomized=liquds in the treatment of disease, and inl the production'o'f local anaesthesia by refrigeration, is assuming importance in medical -science, and various forms ofapparatns have been devised for the atoinization of ythe-liquids employed, and their application in variousvmodes and positions. 4

The ntomizing-tubes of Bergson are the 'basis of :mest of these forms' of apparatus, the devices added to them being intended to produce t-he current of air necessary to the process.' Bergson used, for the production of the air-current, two 'hollow rubberv "balls, connected with the air-tube of the atomizer by apiece of rubber tubing. One of the balls acted as an air-chamber, to -maintain a uniform pressure in the stream of air, while the other, by being rapidly compressed and released lby the hand of the operator, acted as'a bellows to supplyl the current of air required. In another form of apparatus, a common forcingsyringe is usedpto drive the air current through the tube leading to the air-'tubeof the atorniuea.A In beth of these cases, the presence of an assistant is-neeessary, or the labor imposed upon. the operating-hand'of the surgeon has a tendency to unfit it for the delicate manipulation essential to the'propcr performance of its duties, l'

To obviate some of the diilieulties attendant upon the use of the hand-apparatus, a steum-atomizer has been devised, in which the air-current is replaced by a'jet o f steam from a small boiler heated by a lamp. It is claimed, as the chief mer-it of this instrument, that, being selfacting, it produces an even and continuous ilow of spray without inconvenience or labor. Tbe'warmthpf the spray is also claimed ,as an advantage in some cases, but it is evidently objectionable when local anaesthesia is' to be produced by refrigeration.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of an automatic apparatus for producing, maintaining, a'nd regulating an equal and continuous air-current bythe application of hydrostatic pressure, the.

apparatus being simple, portable, and always ready for use, and free from the objections which .exist to the handand steam-instruments, and capable o'f being adapted to the ordinary head otwater found'in cities, sup' plied from elevated reservoirsI on the modern system, all'as'hereinafter more particularly set forth.

To enable others to make and use my improved apparatus, I will proceedto describe its construction and operation, referring to the drawing, wher'een A marks a can or vessel of suitable size, provided at top with a pipe, j, controlled by a cock, C, and at bottom with an outlet-pipe,- g, 'to which is 4attached the upper end of a flexible rubber tube, D. The tube `Dxnay be from eight to fifteen feet long, and connected at its lower end to pipe lz at the bottom of a second can, B. -Can B is similar in siae and general construction to can A Its upper end is provided with a pipe, lo, controlled by the cock E. To pipe is attached one end of the ilexible-rubber tube G, the other end of which is lattached to the air-tube a of the atomizer. The other tube, b, of the atomi izer descends through a cork into the bottle c, 4which serves to contbinthe liquid to be atomized, whetherwuter, ether, rhigolene, or any other that may be required oripreferred.

The lower end of can B is provided with a regulating-apparatus adapted to relieve any excess ofpressure over the amount required, which may arise from too great a head of water. Such excess will generally exist in cases where the ordinary water-head of town and city water-works is employed. The regulating-apparatus is contained in the tube G, which has an overliow-pipe, j', controlled by amovable plunger, d, working against spring e, which may be of rubber or metal. The tension of the spring is so--adjusted that any excess of pressure will so compress `it as to allow the plungerd to pass beyond the opening of the overow-pipe, and permit the escape of water through that outlet.

The mode of operation of the apparatus is as follows: Cock E being closed, can'A is filled-with water through pipe j, and cock C is closed. Can A is then placed at a height of about eight or ten feet above can B, ten f eet being the head which I have found to answer well in practice in ordinary cases; The atomizer being in readiness, the cocks C and E are opened, when the water in can A descends tube D and rises in can l) driving out the air contained in that-.vessel through the exible tube G, and out at the air-tubo of the uto'mizer in a. regular and continuous stream,`the duration of which will depend upon the size of the cans employed. When the-air rushes out of tube a of the atomizer, a tendency to a. vacuum is created in the tube '11, and the fluid contained inthe bottle c ows out in a. stream of ine spray,.wbich is directed by the operator upon any part of the body designed to be subjected to itsaction. The can A having emptied itself, the tubo G is detached from pipe k, and attached to pipe j'on can A, and the relative positions of the two cans are reversed for a repetition of the operation.

When the aquaduct-bead is to be used, it is only necessary to employ the can B. Tie water is admitted through tube'D, and,'rising'in can B, forces the contained uir-'fthrough pipe G, as before described. If the pressure exceeds tbe head required, the plunger d is driven past the overiiow-uperture f, and the excess of pressure is relieved by the escape of water through that outlet. I y

Two or more atomizers may be operated at the same time by my apparat s, without diminishing the pressure, by connecting with the air-vessel two or more tubes for the escape of air. 'In some surgical operations this is important:

Having thus fully described my invention, ivhat I claim, and desist.` to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for atomizing liquids, the use of a hydrostatic blower, substantially as described, in combination with an adjustable reservoir for supplying ahead of water which will produce more or -lcss pressure in the air-vessel `or blower, as may be required.

2. The combination of the cans A and B and tube D, constructed and operating substantially as described.

3: In an apparatus for applying hydrostatic pressure to produce a. current of'air to operate an atemzer, a regulating-device, substantially as herein described, acting automatically, to adapt the apparatus to the use of an excessive head of water without affecting the strength or evenness of the air-current.

d. In an apparatus for applying hydrostatic pressure to produce a current of air to operate an a-t'omizvr,- a regulating stop-cock in the tube leadingl from the air-vessel to the atomizer, to vary or stop the flow of nir, substantially as described.

The above specifica-tion of niy said invention signed and witnessed at Boston, this 30th day of August,

CHARLES HODGE HUDSON.

Witnesses p SAM. W. BATES, Cms. F. SrANseusY. 

